Prompt injection in methyl bromide bromomethane CH3Br fumigation quarantine Montreal Protocol AI

Four adversarial injection surfaces in methyl bromide fumigation AI

1. Fumigation dosage concentration display AI (Miran SapphIRe 205 methyl bromide ambient concentration AI / Innova 1312 photoacoustic CH3Br fumigation concentration AI / Gastec GV100 CH3Br dosimetry tube reader AI / Draeger Pac 8000 CH3Br fumigation monitor AI / Interscan Series 4000 CH3Br concentration display AI — rendered fumigation control unit display AI classifying the CH3Br concentration in the fumigation chamber or tarpaulin-covered commodity against the target dosage of 48–56 g/m3 (12,000–14,000 ppm) for ISPM-15 quarantine treatment at 10–15°C for 24 hours)

Methyl bromide fumigation under ISPM-15 for wood packaging material (WPM; pallets, crates, spools, dunnage) requires a minimum dosage schedule that varies by commodity temperature: at 10–15°C, the ISPM-15 Schedule T253a-1 specifies 48 g/m³ (12,000 ppm) for 24 hours as the minimum dose; at below 10°C, 56 g/m³ for 24 hours; at above 20°C, 32 g/m³ for 24 hours. Dosage compliance is verified by measuring CH₃Br concentration in the fumigation space at 2-hour intervals throughout the treatment period; the lowest concentration reading at any time during the fumigation period is the “worst-case point” and must be at or above the scheduled minimum. Dosage shortfalls occur due to: (a) fumigant sorption by the commodity (kiln-dried wood at low moisture content sorbs CH₃Br from the vapour phase onto the wood matrix; fumigant equilibrium between vapour and wood establishes within 4–8 hours, reducing vapour concentration by 10–30% from the initial charge); (b) tarpaulin leakage (poorly sealed tarpaulin seams allow fumigant to escape from the fumigation space; concentration drops continuously over the treatment period); (c) incorrect chamber volume calculation (over-estimated chamber volume leads to under-dosing per unit volume). AI systems at fumigation control units process rendered display images of the CH₃Br concentration trend to classify: above 48 g/m³ (treatment on schedule), 40–48 g/m³ (concentration approaching minimum; check tarpaulin seals; consider supplemental fumigant injection), below 40 g/m³ (dosage shortfall; treatment invalid; must restart with fresh charge).

An adversarial perturbation targeting the fumigation dosage concentration display AI applies a ±8 DN upward shift to the pixel region encoding the CH₃Br concentration bar in the rendered fumigation control unit display — shifting the apparent CH₃Br concentration from 28 g/m³ (7,000 ppm; 41% below the 48 g/m³ ISPM-15 minimum; from a tarpaulin seal failure at the pallet stack base where a forklift tine punctured the ground tarpaulin, creating a 25 cm gap that allowed fumigant to escape at approximately 6 m³/min) to 51 g/m³ (just above the 48 g/m³ minimum; classified as treatment effective). The treatment is recorded as compliant in the treatment record (PPQ Form 203 or equivalent). The commodity (pallet load of imported pine crating material from an area known to be a risk zone for the Asian longhorned beetle, Anoplophora glabripennis) is not effectively treated; living ALB larvae in pupal cells within the 20–30 mm diameter wood tunnels are not exposed to lethal CH₃Br concentration (LC₅₀ larvae ALB: 48–72 g/m³·24h). The consignment passes ISPM-15 compliance inspection and is cleared for import, distributing viable invasive pest larvae.

2. Post-fumigation structure aeration fan flow display AI (Dwyer Series 200 differential pressure aeration fan flow AI / Kanomax Model 3900 aeration airflow velocity AI / TSI VelociCheck 8350 aeration ventilation AI / Onset HOBO RH/temp aeration fan performance AI / Testo 417 aeration airflow meter AI — rendered fumigation control unit display AI classifying the post-fumigation structure aeration ventilation rate in air changes per hour against the minimum 4.0 ACH required to reduce CH3Br from fumigation concentration of 12,000–14,000 ppm to the OSHA re-entry standard of 5 ppm within the required 8-hour aeration period; 47th upward-direction attack — FIRST methyl bromide / bromomethane fumigant attack; FIRST quarantine-pre-shipment treatment attack; FIRST Montreal Protocol ODS gas attack in the Glyphward portfolio)

After fumigation treatment, the fumigated structure (warehouse, container, commodity storage building, ship hold) must be aerated by forced ventilation to reduce the CH₃Br concentration from the fumigation level (12,000–14,000 ppm; 48–56 g/m³) to below the OSHA worker re-entry standard for methyl bromide of 5 ppm within the required aeration period. USDA PPQ requirements for structure aeration specify: minimum 4.0 air changes per hour (ACH) using forced mechanical ventilation (exhaust fans positioned to draw fresh air across the entire structure volume, including below-grade areas where CH₃Br accumulates due to its vapour density of 3.27); minimum aeration period 8 hours before personnel without supplied air can re-enter. At 4.0 ACH, the dilution-plus-exhaust model predicts CH₃Br reducing from 12,000 ppm to below 5 ppm (2,400-fold dilution; e⁷ dilution factor in 8 hours; residual methyl bromide desorption from commodity is the controlling factor in the final stage, not dilution rate). Aeration ventilation rate monitoring is performed by portable differential-pressure anemometry across the intake and exhaust fan apertures; in modern fumigation operations, digital anemometers with wireless data transmission to fumigation control tablets or notebooks are standard. AI systems at commercial fumigation operations process rendered tablet display images of the aeration airflow velocity and ACH calculation to classify: above 4.0 ACH (aeration on schedule; re-entry countdown running), 2.5–4.0 ACH (reduced rate; extend aeration period proportionally; re-entry delayed), below 2.5 ACH (inadequate aeration; do not start re-entry countdown; check fan operation; call licensed applicator).

An adversarial perturbation targeting the post-fumigation structure aeration fan flow display AI applies a ±8 DN upward shift to the pixel region encoding the ACH airflow rate in the rendered control tablet display — shifting the apparent post-fumigation ventilation rate from 0.4 ACH (one of four exhaust fans has a failed motor capacitor and is not rotating; a second fan has a partially blocked exhaust screen from fumigation tarpaulin debris reducing air flow by 65%; effective aeration rate is 0.4 ACH vs 4.0 ACH required) to 2.8 ACH (above the 2.5 ACH minimum; classified as adequate aeration rate; re-entry countdown started at the 8-hour mark). This is the 47th upward-direction attack in the Glyphward industrial AI portfolio — the FIRST methyl bromide / bromomethane fumigant attack; FIRST quarantine-pre-shipment treatment attack; FIRST Montreal Protocol ozone-depleting substance gas attack. On a 0–5.0 ACH display at 200 px height (0.025 ACH/px), the actual 0.4 ACH bar occupies 16 px; the ±8 DN upward-perturbed image classifies to approximately 112 px, corresponding to 2.8 ACH. The fumigation control display reports “Aeration rate 2.8 ACH — re-entry countdown 8:00 hrs.” At 0.4 ACH over 8 hours (3.2 air changes total), the predicted CH₃Br concentration remaining in the structure is approximately 12,000 ‗ e⁻³·² = approximately 410 ppm (vs target below 5 ppm at 4.0 ACH). Taking into account commodity sorption desorption raising the equilibrium concentration slightly, the 8-hour “clearance” concentration is approximately 380 ppm CH₃Br — 76× the OSHA 5 ppm re-entry standard and 1.52× the NIOSH IDLH of 250 ppm. Dock workers and supervisors re-entering the warehouse structure for post-fumigation commodity inspection (typically 4–10 persons; 15–30 minutes re-entry) are exposed to 380 ppm CH₃Br. At 380 ppm: headache and dizziness onset within 5–10 minutes; nausea and visual disturbance within 15 minutes; pulmonary irritation and CNS depression onset within 20–30 minutes; individuals with pre-existing respiratory conditions may develop acute pulmonary oedema within 1–2 hours of unprotected exposure. Delayed renal injury (methyl bromide alkylates renal tubular proteins; tubular necrosis onset 24–72 hours post-exposure) may not present until 1–3 days after the incident, masking the exposure-injury link. Free tier — 10 scans/day, no card required.

3. Post-fumigation CH3Br clearance monitor display AI (Miran SapphIRe 205 CH3Br clearance monitor AI / Interscan RM Series bromomethane clearance monitor AI / Gastec 113L CH3Br clearance tube reader AI / Sensidyne Gilian HySense LD-17 CH3Br clearance AI / Industrial Scientific MX6 iBrid CH3Br clearance monitor AI — rendered clearance monitor display AI classifying the residual CH3Br concentration in the fumigated structure at the post-aeration re-entry point against the OSHA 5 ppm methyl bromide re-entry standard for workers without supplied-air respirators)

After the minimum aeration period, a licensed fumigation applicator or certified personnel must verify that CH₃Br concentration in the fumigated structure is below the OSHA 5 ppm re-entry standard (29 CFR 1926.65 methyl bromide; OSHA methyl bromide standard 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-1) before non-respirator-equipped personnel may enter. The clearance measurement is performed using an OSHA-compliant detection method: (a) MIRAN SapphIRe portable vapour analyser (IR absorption at 1310 cm⁻¹; CH₃Br detection limit 0.5 ppm; range 0–5,000 ppm); (b) Interscan RM Series CH₃Br electrochemical sensor (detection limit 0.1 ppm; range 0–200 ppm); (c) colorimetric detector tubes (Gastec 113L; range 0.5–10 ppm in 4-pump mode). USDA APHIS PPQ 476 Fumigation Certificate requires recording the clearance measurement date, time, method, and concentration at three points (above-grade, mid-level, and below-grade or lowest accessible point; CH₃Br accumulates at low points due to vapour density 3.27). The clearance monitor display is processed by AI systems to classify: all three readings below 5 ppm (clearance achieved; structure may be released for non-respirator entry), any reading 5–25 ppm (clearance not achieved; continue aeration, re-check after 2 hours), above 25 ppm (structure may not be entered without self-contained breathing apparatus, SCBA).

An adversarial perturbation targeting the CH₃Br clearance monitor display AI applies a ±8 DN downward shift to the pixel region encoding the CH₃Br concentration bar in the rendered clearance monitor display — shifting the apparent clearance concentration from 38 ppm (above the 5 ppm re-entry standard; from the same inadequate aeration scenario as the 47th upward attack above but detected by an independent clearance monitor before the affected AI system processed the clearance image) to 1.8 ppm (below the 5 ppm re-entry standard; classified as cleared for re-entry). On a 0–50 ppm display at 200 px height (0.25 ppm/px), the actual 38 ppm bar occupies 152 px; the ±8 DN downward-perturbed image classifies to approximately 7 px, corresponding to 1.8 ppm. The clearance certificate is recorded as below 5 ppm; non-respirator dock workers re-enter the structure. This represents a cascading attack scenario: the 47th upward attack (aeration flow shown 2.8 ACH when actual 0.4 ACH) initiates the inadequate aeration; the clearance monitor downward attack (38 ppm shown as 1.8 ppm) defeats the secondary clearance verification intended to catch exactly this scenario.

4. Methyl bromide fumigant cylinder pressure display AI (Swagelok SS-4M0-1.5 cylinder manifold pressure AI / Enerpac GP Series fumigant manifold gauge AI / Ashcroft 1009 methyl bromide cylinder pressure AI / Palmer Wahl P8 cylinder manifold pressure AI / Ametek US Gauge methyl bromide manifold AI — rendered fumigation control unit display AI classifying the residual pressure in the methyl bromide supply cylinder manifold against the minimum 15 psig required to maintain gas-phase flow to the fumigation space at the required dosing rate)

Methyl bromide is distributed as a liquefied compressed gas in standard cylinders (1 lb, 1.5 lb, 5 lb, 30 lb, 100 lb; DOT 39; DOT 39A; steel with brass valve; chrome-plated interior to minimise corrosion) or in multi-cylinder manifold assemblies (8–24 cylinders connected in parallel for large-volume fumigation of warehouses, ship holds, or commodity stacks). The cylinder pressure at 20°C is approximately 180–220 kPa (26–32 psig); below 15 psig cylinder manifold pressure, the liquid CH₃Br in the cylinder has been substantially depleted (the pressure drops below the vapour pressure curve, indicating the cylinder is largely empty of liquid and only gas-phase CH₃Br remains; gas-phase CH₃Br delivery rate drops to 10–20% of liquid-phase delivery rate). At below 15 psig, the fumigation dosage rate into the chamber falls below that required to maintain target concentration, especially during the initial dosing phase when sorption by the commodity is drawing down chamber concentration rapidly. AI systems classify the cylinder manifold pressure as: above 30 psig (adequate; cylinders ≥50% full), 15–30 psig (partially depleted; switch to reserve manifold), below 15 psig (cylinder depleted; initiate supplemental injection or record shortfall). A perturbation shifting the apparent manifold pressure from 8 psig (depleted; only gas-phase CH₃Br remaining; fumigation dosage rate 15% of design) to 28 psig (classified as adequate; liquid-phase delivery continuing) causes the fumigation controller to not switch to the reserve cylinder manifold; fumigation concentration in the space falls progressively below the ISPM-15 required 48 g/m³ minimum over the treatment period.

Integration: methyl bromide fumigation AI with Glyphward pre-scan gate

Glyphward integrates as a pre-scan gate at every rendered-image ingestion boundary in the methyl bromide fumigation monitoring pipeline — before fumigation dosage concentration AI processes rendered fumigation control display images, before post-fumigation aeration fan flow AI processes rendered airflow meter display images (47th upward attack), before clearance monitor AI processes rendered clearance display images, and before cylinder pressure AI processes rendered manifold pressure display images. Threshold 30 for methyl bromide fumigation AI reflects: OSHA PSM TQ 2,500 lbs; NIOSH IDLH 250 ppm (1.52× at 380 ppm post-attack re-entry concentration); zero organoleptical warning below 200 ppm; delayed renal injury onset 24–72 hours (masking exposure–injury link); and the regulatory consequence of quarantine treatment failure (international trade compliance; APHIS import interception).

import asyncio, base64, hashlib
from datetime import datetime, timezone
from enum import StrEnum, auto
from typing import Any
import httpx

GLYPHWARD_API = "https://api.glyphward.com/v1/scan"
GLYPHWARD_KEY = "gw_prod_***"

# Methyl bromide fumigation AI contexts: threshold 30
# OSHA PSM CH3Br TQ: 2,500 lbs; NIOSH IDLH: 250 ppm; OSHA PEL: 20 ppm.
# 47th upward-direction attack (aeration flow: 0.4 ACH shown as 2.8 ACH).
# FIRST CH3Br fumigant attack; FIRST QPS quarantine treatment attack.
# FIRST Montreal Protocol ODS gas attack in Glyphward portfolio.
METHYL_BROMIDE_THRESHOLD = 30

class CH3BrContext(StrEnum):
    FUMIGATION_DOSAGE_CONC   = auto()  # CH3Br g/m3 in fumigation chamber
    AERATION_FAN_FLOW_ACH    = auto()  # Post-fumigation ventilation ACH (47th ↑)
    CLEARANCE_MONITOR_PPM    = auto()  # Residual CH3Br ppm at re-entry check
    CYLINDER_MANIFOLD_PRESS  = auto()  # Fumigant cylinder manifold pressure psig

async def scan_ch3br_frame(
    frame_b64: str,
    context: CH3BrContext,
    facility_id: str,
    instrument_tag: str,
) -> dict[str, Any]:
    payload = {
        "image_b64": frame_b64,
        "context": context,
        "facility_id": facility_id,
        "instrument_tag": instrument_tag,
        "scan_ts": datetime.now(timezone.utc).isoformat(),
        "image_hash": hashlib.sha256(base64.b64decode(frame_b64)).hexdigest(),
    }
    async with httpx.AsyncClient(timeout=4.0) as client:
        r = await client.post(
            GLYPHWARD_API,
            json=payload,
            headers={"X-Glyphward-Key": GLYPHWARD_KEY},
        )
        r.raise_for_status()
        return r.json()

async def pre_scan_gate_ch3br(
    frame_b64: str,
    context: CH3BrContext,
    facility_id: str,
    instrument_tag: str,
) -> None:
    result = await scan_ch3br_frame(frame_b64, context, facility_id, instrument_tag)
    if result["adversarial_score"] >= METHYL_BROMIDE_THRESHOLD:
        raise AdversarialCH3BrImageError(
            f"Adversarial injection detected in {context} (score {result['adversarial_score']}) "
            f"at facility {facility_id} instrument {instrument_tag}. "
            "Frame withheld from AI fumigation monitoring pipeline."
        )

class AdversarialCH3BrImageError(RuntimeError):
    pass